The Missing Episodes
Most readers are likely aware of the backstory of the long-running saga of the ninety-seven missing Doctor Who episodes. But, for those who aren’t, here’s a quick recap.
In the 1950s and 1960s, television was seen as an ephemeral medium, with most shows made to be broadcast once, maybe repeated a couple of times if they were popular, and copies sold internationally if there was demand. Then, they were often literally erased with the tape reused for another show. For popular shows like Doctor Who and The Avengers, the majority might be preserved for the archives, but certainly not all.
In the fifties, many programmes were performed and broadcast live. With these broadcasts, we’re lucky if they were recorded at all, and luckier still if that tape still exists today. The second performance of the 1954 version of Orwell’s 1984 starring Peter Cushion survived, and you can read my recent review here Review of the 1954 BBC Adaptation of Orwell’s 1984 But the first Quatermass serial from the previous year is gone forever.
It’s easy to be critical in retrospect, but who could have known that, six decades later, there would be a clamour to see the 1965 Doctor Who serial Marco Polo, of which all seven episodes are missing, or the early television apparencies of here-today-gone-tomorrow ‘pop groups’ with names like The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, TheKinksor The Who?
It tends to be the BBC that gets it in the neck for most for these acts of cultural vandalism, obviously so when it comes to Doctor Who, but this was a widespread practice. Nothing remains of the first series of The Avengers, an ITV show, and such destructive practices occurred in other countries, too.
The same is true in the medium of film, which I’ll touch on later. Only around 10% of all the silent movies made before the dawn of the roaring twenties are known to exist. That’s a sadly substantial gap in the history of the development of cinema.
As well as the belief that these artefacts of visual media would, aside from exceptional cases like 1953’s Coronation of Queen Elizabeth 11, be of no interest beyond the current audience, the expensive nature of tape was also a big factor at work, as much in the 1960s as in the 1920s.
The Bicycle System
At one time, 136 episodes of Doctor Who were missing from the archives, all from the 1960s black and white era, with a large chunk of the second Doctor Patrick Troughton’s time in the lead role from 1966-69 seemingly lost to time. It’s thanks to the tireless work of individuals like Philip Morris that thirty-nine of these episodes have been recovered.
Most of these finds came through following the trail of the BBC’s foreign sales.
These sales were made using what has come to be known as ‘The Bicycle System.’ Instead of sending out multiple copies, one each to all of the foreign television services willing to buy them, which would have increased costs, they would send one single copy on a mini world tour. The tape might be sent to Australia, then once it had been broadcast there, be sent on to New Zealand, to Canada, and to various African nations. Some of these countries made their own copies of the tape for repeat purposes, and some didn’t. Some returned their copy to the BBC, some didn’t.
It was through making contact with, then visiting and searching through the archives in countries where lost episodes were known to have been shown, that Morris and Co. were able to significantly reduce the list of ‘lost’ episodes.
The Dump
Having given the BBC a bit of a free pass so far, what they did in the mid-seventies is unforgivable. From 1972 onwards, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation returned every episode of Doctor Who they had bought and broadcast to the BBC. Thus, at this point, every episode of the show ever made existed in the BBC archives.
But, for reasons of storage space, they ordered large numbers of them (and other shows, but we’ll stick with Doctor Who, for now) to be sent to landfill.
By this time, it was obvious that some television material had lasting interest, at least to some people, so they really should have known better.
Of course, there was nothing to stop BBC employees or contractors tasked with disposing of these tapes from rifling through them and deciding to keep a few rolls for themselves, either for later material gain or simply because they liked some of these shows and thought it a shame for them to be destroyed.
The Detectives
The first recoveries made by following the ‘bicycle trail’ came in 1983, but it was during what fans have come to know as The Wilderness Years that interest in recovering the missing episodes intensified. This was the period between 1989 and 2005 when, apart from the one-off 1996 TV Movie starring Paul McGann, and the occasional repeats of old stories, Doctor Who was absent from our screens.
It was during this period that many of us first became aware that ‘missing episodes’ existed (or rather, didn’t exist), and it was exciting whenever news broke that long lost treasures like the Troughton era Tomb of the Cybermen had been unearthed.
With the advent of VHS and then DVDs, television channels like the BBC had learned the error of their past ways, if only because they now realised there was solid profit to be made through physical media sales.
The last great find was made by Morris in Nigeria in 2013. It was here that, in a rolled-up carpet in an otherwise empty room in a disused television station, he found all six episodes of two long-lost Troughton stories, The Enemy of the World and The Web of Fear.
A great discovery, only slightly spoiled by episode three of the latter somehow disappearing in transit.
You can hear Morris tell this story in a great podcast interview here DOCTOR WHO – PHILIP MORRIS LIVE – MISSING EPISODES? RTD? CURRENT STATE OF DR WHO? SEASON 2?
In the ensuing twelve years, there has been nothing, and it seems likely that the ‘bicycle system’ avenue of enquiry has run its course, that everything that had long languished in the former HQs of obscure African television stations awaiting discovery has been discovered.
This being the case, the only hope for the ‘lost 97’ lay with private collectors.
Enter Film is Fabulous.
Film is Fabulous
Film Is Fabulous emerged when members of the film collecting community, especially during the covid period, began to receive an increasing number of calls from the loved ones of fellow collectors along the lines of ‘My dad has passed away. He left no will, so we don’t know what to do with his films.’
Given that in many cases they were talking abut thousands upon thousands of rolls of film, that the receivers of these calls had no storage facilities beyond that reserved for their own collections, and had no legal rights to do anything at all with other people’s collections without explicit instruction, this was a big question indeed, and sadly, some of these collections were summarily disposed of.
A small group of younger members of this mostly ageing group of niche and dedicated hobbyists decided to discuss the means by which these problems might be addressed.
It’s best to listen to the whole story as told by two of the members of this group in their own words via a recent appearance on the always excellent Doctor Who Missing Episodes Podcast Doctor Who: The Missing Episodes Podcast – Special Edition – Film is Fabulous!, but the bottom line is that after a determined campaign, Film is Fabulous was born, and has now attained charitable status.
The advantage of this status is that they can now receive public donations, and I will include a link to how readers can donate at the end of this article. Adequate funding means that they can at least start to at least receive expenses for the work they’re already doing, perhaps be able to employ paid staff at some point, and attain suitable premises for storage.
(Since I wrote the above, I’ve learned that FIF have now been granted access to suitable storage facilities by Montfort University in Leicester)
It also gives them the gravitas to start approaching collectors or their executors, to gain permission to begin cataloguing these collections, to see exactly what is there (no easy task, given that, on work completed so far, FIF estimate that 18% of reels do not match the label on the cannister), assessing its condition, and looking into the legal aspects of who owns the rights to whatever is there. Once that is done, they can return their discoveries to their legal owners who, hopefully, will begin the task of restoration, archiving and, if there is sufficient demand, making items available to the public.
It’s the legal aspects of this work that are perhaps the hardest. I’ll return here to our possibly mythical BBC contractor. If he (most likely a ‘he’) did indeed ignore orders to dispose of certain items, then in the eyes of fans of certain shows, with particular reference to Doctor Who fandom, he will have done the world a huge favour. But, despite ordering its destruction, these reels will still rightfully belong to the BBC.
In other cases, legal ownership might not be so easy to discern.
Confusion and the fear of possible reprisals may have prevented some collectors from coming forward for decades. It’s good news that the BBC have made it clear that no collectors who ended up in possession of BBC-owned material, by whatever means, will face prosecution.
The Good News
The important headline from a recent statement made by FIF, and which their representees amplify on the Missing Episodes podcast, is that ‘Several episodes of Doctor Who currently missing from the BBC archives exist in several collections.’
Naturally, fans have taken to discerning the meaning of ‘several’. It has no universally agreed-upon meaning, but it’s definitely more than a couple. So a minimum of three. Thus, several times several make at least nine, which would be great, and the grapevine suggests it could be more.
In his Sense of Sphere interview, Philip Morris, who is not a part of FIF but is in contact with them and clearly knows more than the rest of us, stated that ‘Fans won’t be disappointed when an announcement is made.’
That sounds promising indeed.
Unfortunately, a small number of members of the lunatic fringe of Who-fandom have been hassling FIF, issuing threats, demanding to know what they’ve found, and when we will get a chance to see it.
This is the epitome of zealous stupidity. First, we don’t know the quality of the discoveries: Is the film salvageable? If it is, then it will be down to the BBC to begin the work of restoration, and to make decisions as to how and when we will be able to see it: On the iPlayer, all in one place at the same time, on a special Blu Ray or with newly found episodes slotted into the relevant seasons as part of the ongoing, and excellent, Collection series?
And What Else?
FIF have made it clear that their work is much broader than seeking out missing Doctor Who episodes.
They themselves, and most members of the Collector’s community, are interested primarily in feature films. Some have specialised in subsets of this, like early/silent films. Others have been more interested in factual documentaries and information, for instance, in the Pathe newsreels.
A focus on vintage television is rare, so random episodes of old television shows are generally something that fell into their hands almost incidentally in the process of amassing their collection.
Personally, I’m interested in all of these areas, fascinated by lost media of all types. I’m therefore excited by the whole project.
Already, it’s believed that Oliver Hardy’s first-ever film appearance, believed to be long lost, has been recovered. There’s also a photograph of a missing episode of Softly Softly, a Z Cars spin-off I remember from my childhood, being returned to the BBC. It’s also been made known that some lost episodes of The Avengers have been found.
Apart from that, we know very little. But I suspect we are in for some nice surprises over the next year or two.
Wish List
Aside from Doctor Who, and briefly donning my Beatlesbuff hat, I’d love to see the long-lost episode of Juke Box Jury, when the Fabs comprised the panel; and it’s ironic that all we have of them performing (or miming to) Ticket To Ride on Top Of The Pops is a few seconds on the Tardis monitor in the First Doctor story The Rescue.
It’d be nice to see this properly, and to recover other lost Beatles, other great sixties bands, and even early British rockers from the fifties performing on sparsely preserved shows like The Six-Five-Special, Ready Steady Go or Oh Boy!
To return to our main topic, after a blank twelve years, the recovery and restoration of any more lost Doctor Who is to be welcomed.
Wish List
Given the choice, I’d go for anything from the aforementioned Marco Polo, hopefully enough to make it worthwhile for the BBC to animate the rest, to make a Series One Collection box viable.
For the sake of completion, Harnell’s last appearance, in episode four of The Tenth Planet, would be nice, as would episode one of Troughton’s first story, The Power of the Daleks. We do have the show’s very first regeneration, from Hartnell to Troughton, thanks to a preserved clip from Blue Peter. But it would be great to have the last and first episodes of these two giants in complete form.
Something from The Highlanders, the last of the 1960’s ‘Pure Historicals’, which featured the first appearance of Troughton’s companion for the rest of his run, Jamie played by Fraser Hines (best known as Joe in Emmerdale Farm), would also be high on my list.
I was going to conclude by saying that, as we face a likely long hiatus for the modern show, a Wilderness Years 2.0, the rediscovery of lost sixties Doctor Who is especially welcome. But in the last few days, it’s been announced that the show will return for a 2026 Christmas Special, written by Russell T Davis, in what is almost certain to be his swansong, possibly with a new series under a different team to follow.
But I’m guessing that I’m far from alone in being much more excited by the prospect of being able to see some hitherto lost Hartnell and Troughton episodes than by whatever is to come in 2026/7.
Donations can be made to the good people at Film Is Fabulous here Film is Fabulous | Film Collectors | Cinema | Vintage Television
Anthony C Green, November 2025


